I B.Sc., - PHYSICS – I SEMESTER –PAPER –I
(MECHANICS, WAVES & OSCILLATIONS)
SYLLABUS-Credits 4
MECHANICS&WAVESOSCILLATIONS
UNIT I: Dynamics of System of
Particles: (12 periods)
Laws of
motion, conservation of energy and momentum. Collisions, types of collisions,
elastic collision in two dimensions in the laboratory frame of reference,
Rutherford’s scattering, determination of scattering angle, impact parameter
and scattering cross section, motion of variable mass system, motion of a
rocket, multi-stage rocket.
UNIT II: Dynamics of Rigid
Bodies: (11 periods)
Definition of rigid body,
rotational kinematics relations- Relation between linear and rotational
physical quantities of a rotating body, angular momentum, torque and kinetic
energy of a rigid body, law of conservation of angular momentum and its
examples, equation of motion for a rotating body, precession of a symmetric
top, gyroscope, precession of the equinoxes.
UNIT III: Fundamentals of Vibrations: (12
periods)
(a)
Simple harmonic oscillator, equation of motion of simple harmonic oscillator
and its solution, physical parameters of a simple harmonic motion, derivation
of potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy of a free oscillator,
vibration of a spring – derivation of frequency of oscillation of the spring by
taking its mass into consideration.
(b) Principle of superposition,
linear combination of two waves of slightly different frequencies, concept of
beats and applications, combination of two mutually perpendicular simple
harmonic vibrations of same frequency – Lissajou’s figures
UNIT IV:
Damped and Forced Oscillations: (11
periods)
Damped
harmonic oscillator (examples) – equation of damped harmonic oscillator and its
solution, logarithmic decrement, relaxation time and quality factor. Forced
oscillator (examples), equation of forced oscillator, derivation of amplitude
and phase of forced vibrations, amplitude resonance and sharpness, electrical
analogy of a forced oscillator- correspondence between electrical and
mechanical impedance.
UNIT V: Vector Analysis &Complex vibrations:
(14 periods)
Scalar and vector fields –
gradient, divergence and curl of a vector quantity and their physical
significance – line, surface and volume integrals and their physical
significance, statements of Greens and Stokes theorems, statement and
verification of Gauss divergence theorem.
Fourier’s
theorem, statement and evaluation of Fourier coefficients, analysis of periodic
wave functions - square, triangular and saw-tooth waves.
Reference
Books:
1.
Mechanics – Hans and Puri
2.
Mechanics – Upadhyaya
3.
A Text Book of Engineering Mechanics – R K Rajput
4.
Relativity – Robert Resnick
5.
Waves and Oscillations – Badami, Subrahmanyam and Rami
Reddy
6.
Waves and Oscillations – Mittal and Jaidevanand
7.
B.Sc., Physics Volume I – Murali Manohar Sastry,
Sankara Rao ◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦◦
MODEL PAPER
I
B.Sc Degree Physics Paper -1
Title: Mechanics, Waves& Oscillations
Time : 3 Hours
Max.Marks : 100
Part—A
Answer all the questions 5 x 16=80
1. Define
Impact parameter and Scattering cross-section.
Derive an
expression for angle of scattering of alpha-particle in Rutherford’s
scattering.
OR
Derive an
expression for the force on a rocket moving under the influence of earth’s
gravitational field.
Derive the
expression for the velocity of the rocket at any time.
2. a.
Explain the precession of a symmetric top. Obtain an expression for its
precessional angular velocity.
b. A top is
spinning 30 rev/sec. about an axis making an angle of 30 degrees with its
vertical. Its mass is 0.5 kg and its rotational inertia is 5*10-4
kg-m2. The centre of mass is 4cm from the pivot point. What is the
magnitude of angular velocity of precession?
OR
a. Derive the
relationship between angular momentum and kinetic energy of a rotating body.
b. Derive the
equation of motion for a rigid rotating body.
c. The kinetic
energy of metal disc rotating at a constant speed of 5 rev./sec. is 100 joule.
Find the angular momentum of the disc.
3. a. State and
prove Gauss theorem of divergence.
b.If A= iy+j(x2+y2)+k(
yz+zx ), then find divergence of A at(1,-2,3).
OR
a. State Fourier’s
theorem.
b. Evaluate
Fourier’s constants.
4. a. Derive the
equation of SHM.
b. Derive the
solution of equation of SHM.
OR
a. Derive the
frequency of a spring-mass system.
b. What are beats?
5. a. What are
damped oscillations?
b. Derive the
equation of a damped oscillator.
OR
a. What is a
forced oscillator?
b. Give the
electrical analogy of a mechanical oscillator.
Part—B
Choose the correct answer. 1 x 10=10
1. In perfectly
elastic collision the value of coefficient of inelastic collision, e =
(a) 0
(b) 1 (c) less than one (d)
more than one
2. The earth in
one complete round about the sun crosses vernal eqinox at about 21 March and
autumnal eqinox at about
(a) June 22nd (b).Sept. 22nd (c) June 23rd (d) Sept. 23rd
3. The unit of
angular acceleration is
(a) m/ses2 (b)
radian/sec (c) radian/sec2 (d) /sec2
4. A vector satisfying
the following condition is called solenoidal vector
(a) V*A=0 (b)V.A=0
(c) V*A
0 (d) V.A05. The limitations
of Fourier theorem are (1) should be finite (2) function is single valued (3) function is continuous
(a) 1,2
correct (b) 1,3
correct
(c) 2,3 correct
(d) 1,2,3
correct
6. The potential
energy of an oscillator is given by
(a) ½ mv2 (b) ½ kx2 (c) ½ mx2 (d) ½
mw2
7. The force
constant of a spring when it is stretched by 0.08m by force of 10 N is given by
(a) 125 N/m (b) 12.5 N/m (c) 0.125 N/m (d) 1.25 N/m
8. In a
constructive interference the amplitudes are
(a) Added together
(b)subtracted from
one another
(c) no effect to amplitude (d)
none
9. The Q- factor
of a circuit with L = 2mH and R= 0.2
ohm and C= 5 micro farad is given by
(a) 999.7
(b) 99.97 (c) 9.997 (d) 0.9997
10. Conservation
of momentum is equivalent to Newton’s
(a) 1st
Law (b) 2nd Law (c) 3rd law (d) All the three laws
Fill the blanks with suitable
words/sentences 1
x 10 = 10.
11. The work done
by the resultant force is equal to--------------------------- of the body.
12. The ratio of
the masses of two bodies is to be the inverse ratio of
the---------------------- given to the bodies by the same force.
13. A couple of 20
N-m is applied to a flywheel of mass 10 kg and radius of gyration of 0.5 m. The
resultant angular acceleration is ------.
14. In
translational motion of a rigid body, the ---------------------------- of every
particle is same at any time.
15. Curl grad S =
--------------.
16. The frequency
of an oscillator of L= 1mH and C = 0.01 micro farad is --------
17. The force
constant of a spring when it is displaced by 10 cm by a force of 10 N is -----
18. The frequency
of damped oscillator is given by ----------------------
19. The energy
stored in a stretched string is ----------------------.
20. The amplitude
of an oscillator at resonance is ---------------
****
I B.Sc., - PHYSICS – II SEMESTER
–PAPER –II
(MECHANICS, WAVES &
OSCILLATIONS)
SYLLABUS-Credits :4
UNIT I: Special Theory of
Relativity: (12 periods)
Galilean relativity, absolute
frames, Michelson-Morley experiment, postulates of special theory of relativity,
Lorentz transformations, time dilation, length contraction, twin paradox,
relativistic addition of velocities, mass and energy relation.
UNIT II: Central Forces: (12 periods)
Definition and examples of
central forces, main features of central forces, conservative nature of central
force, equation of motion of a body under central force, Kepler’s laws and
derivation. Gravitational potential and gravitational field due to uniform thin
spherical shell.
UNIT III: Mechanics of Continuous Media &Acoustic
plane waves: (12 periods)
Elastic constants of isotropic
solids and their relation, classification of beams, types of bending, point
load, distributed load, shearing force and bending moment, sign conventions,
simple supported beam carrying a concentrated load at mid span, cantilever with
an end load.
Acoustic Plane Waves:
Acoustic
plane wave equation, Newton’s and Laplace’s formulae for velocity of sound in
gases, effect of pressure, temperature and humidity on velocity –harmonic solution
of plane wave equation.
UNIT IV: Vibrating Strings: (11 periods)
General wave
equation – general solution of wave equation, simple harmonic solution of wave
equation, velocity of transverse wave along a stretched string, reflection at a
boundary, modes of vibration of a stretched string clamped at both the ends –
overtones and harmonics, laws of transverse vibrations, standing wave equation.
UNIT V:
Ultrasonic& Coupled oscillations (13periods)
Ultrasonic,
properties and acoustic impedance -
Production of ultrasonic, magnetostriction and piezo-electric method,
detection of ultrasonics.Low and high power applications of ultrasonics.
Coupled Oscillations:
Introduction,
examples of two coupled oscillations, normal mode of solution of two coupled
oscillations, N-coupled oscillations.
Reference Books:
1.
Mechanics – Hans and Puri
2.
Mechanics – Upadhyaya
3.
A Text Book of Engineering Mechanics – R K Rajput
4.
Relativity – Robert Resnick
5.
Waves and Oscillations – Badami, Bala Subrahmanyam and
Rami Reddy
6.
Waves and Oscillations – Mittal and Jaidevanand
7.
B.Sc., Physics Volume I – Murali Manohar Sastry,
Sankara Rao and Babu Rao
*
* * **
MODEL PAPER
I B.Sc Degree –
II SEMESTER - Physics - Paper – 2
Mechanics,
Waves& Oscillations.
Time :3 Hours Max.Marks : 100
Part—A
Answer all the questions
5*16=80
Q.1.(a) Describe the Michelson – Morley experiment
and explain the significance of the negative results.
OR
(b) State Einstein’s postulates of
special theorey of relativity.
Derive Lorentz transformation
equations and show that at low velocities they reduce to Galelian transformation
equations.
Q.2. (a). State the Kepler’s laws
of planetary motion. Show that the orbits of planets are elliptical in nature
(Deduce 1st law)
OR
(b). Define gravitational potential
and gravitational field intensity.
Obtain the expressions for gravitational
potential at a point outside the shell and inside the shell.
Q.3.(a) Define three modulii of
elasticity. Derive relations among the elastic constants.
OR
(a). Derive plane wave eqution.
(b). Write the expression for the velocity of sound in air.
4.(a). Discuss the modes of
vibrations of a stretched string.
(b). state the laws of transverse
vibrations .
OR
(a). What are over tones and
harmonics.
(b). Derive the transverse wave
equation.
Q.5.(a). What are coupled
oscillations?
(b).Derive the equation of motion
of two coupled pendulums.
OR
(a). What are ultrasonics? Give
three examples.
(b). Discuss the production of
ultrasonics.
Part - B
Choose the correct answer. 1 x 10=10
1. The limiting values of Poisson’s
ratio are
(a) 1 and 0.5 (b) -1
and 0.5 (c) 1 and -0.5 (d) 0
and 0.5
2. Under a central force which of
the following acting on the particle is always zero
(a) angular momentum (b).Torque
(c) Linear momentum (d) Velocity
3. Which of the following Kepler’s
law gives the relation between the size of the orbit of a planet and its time
of revolution
(a) 1st law (b) 2nd
law (c)
3rd law (d) none
4. According to Galelian
transformation, which of the following is variant
(a) mass (b) acceleration (c) velocity
(d) time
5. The velocity of light is
(a) 3*108 cm/sec (b)
3*108 m/sec (c) 3*1010
m/sec
(d)
3*108 km/sec
6. The velocity of sound in a
stretched string is given by V= Sqare root of
(a) m/T (b) T/m
(c) M/T (d) T/M
7. A stationary wave can be formed
when
(a) only one end fixed (b) two ends fixed (c) both the ends are free (d) none of the above
8. For the production of
Ultrasonics the following crystal is used
(a) X- cut (b) Y- cut
(c) Z- cut (d) none of the above
9. The type of material used in
magnetostriction is
(a) dia magnetic (b) para magnetic (c) ferro magnetic
(d) none
10. The number of normal modes of
two coupled pendulum is
(a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) infinite
Fill the blanks with suitable words/sentences 1 x 10 = 10.
11. In a beam, a plane in which
filaments neither contract nor elongates is called ----------
12. The equation of motion of a
particle under a central force is ----------------------------
13. If the greatest and least
velocities of a certain planet in its orbit round the Sun are 30 and 29.2
km/sec, the eccentricity of the orbit is -------------------------
14. In the relativistic law of
addition of velocities U = -------------------------------------
15. A non-inertial frame is
---------------------.
16. The velocity of sound by
Newton’s formula ---------------------
17. The velocity of sound at 00c
is 330 m/sec. The velocity at 1000 c is ---------------------
18. The velocity of sound in a
string of linear density 1 gm/cm under the tension
400 n is -------------------------
19. The fundamental frequency of
quartz crystal of thickness 0.002m is -------------- (v = 5750m/s)
20. The velocity of sound in a
solid is given by ---------------------.
*****
Reorganised
II B.Sc., - PHYSICS – III SEMESTER –PAPER –III
(THERMODYNAMICS &OPTICS)
SYLLABUS-Credits :4
PART
A: THERMODYNAMICS
UNIT I:
Laws of Thermodynamics: (12
Periods)
(a) Heat and Work - Internal Energy - Indicator diagrajm -
work done in isothermal and adiabatic processes First law of thermodynamics -
significance and applications of first law of thermodynamics - Reversible and
Irreversible process - Carnot’s engine and efficiency- Carnot’s theorem.
(b)
Second law of thermodynamics - different statements - Thermodynamic Scale of
temperature
UNIT II:Entropy and Thermodynamical
potentials: (12 Periods)
a)
Entropy Concept - Entropy of steam - Change in reversible and irreversible
processes - Entropy-Temperature Diagrams.
b) Thermodynamic
Potentials - Derivation of Maxwell’s Thermodynamic relations - Clausius -
Clapeyron equation Specific heat – derivation of ratio and difference of two
specific heats - Joule-Kelvin effect - Expression of Joule- Kelvin
Coefficients.
UNIT III : (12 periods)
a)
Kinetic Theory of Gases :
Postulates of Kinetic theory of
gases - Law of equipartition of energy - Derivation of Maxwell’s law of distribution
of molecular speeds -Mean free path (brief explanation), Transport phenomena -
viscosity and thermal conduction.
b)
LASERS &Fiber optics:
Spontaneous
and Stimulated emissions- laser principle - Population inversion – Active
substance –Ruby laser. Holography, principle and applications. Introduction to
Fiber optics-Principle,types,single step and graded index fibers and their
structure-fiber materials
UNIT IV: (12 periods)
a) Matrix Methods in Paraxial
Optics:
Concept and
derivation of translation, refraction and system matrices - Position of the
image plane and magnification of the optical system - Application of matrix
method to simple optical systems – (i) Thick lens (ii) Two thin lenses in
contact (iii) Two thin lenses separated by distance - Cardinal points of a lens
system - unit and nodal planes (brief explanation only).
b) Introduction to Interference by division
of wavefront:
Principle
of superposition - Coherence - Conditions of Interference of light.- Young’s
double slit experiment – Expression for band width. Fresnel’s Biprism –
determination of wavelength of light . Determination of thickness of a transparent
material using displacement of fringes. Change of phase on reflection – Stoke’s
law- Lloyds mirror – Experimental determination of wavelength of light.
Unit
V: Interference by division of wavefront & amplitude: (12 Periods)
Oblique incidence of a plane wave on a plane
parallel thin film - Cosine law – plane parallel thin film- Colours of thin
films – Non-reflecting films - Newton’s rings in reflected light -
Determination of Wavelength of monochromatic light- Newton’s rings in transmitted
light (Brief)- Michelson’s Interferometer- Determination of wavelength of
monochromatic light, thickness of a thin Plate.
Reference Books:
1. Unified Physics - Thermodynamics & optics Vol.
-2- Dr. S.L. Gupta & Sanjeev Gupta
2. Optics - Brijlal and Surahmanyam (S.Chand &
Co)
3. Fourier Optics - Good Man
4. Fiber Optic Communications - Agrawal, Ped wheeler
pub,
5. B.Sc. Optics - Telugu Academy
6. B.Sc. Heat -
Telugu Academy
* *
* *
MODEL
QUESTION PAPER
Andhra Loyola College (Autonomous) :: Vijayawada-8
II B.Sc - III
Semester- Physics- Paper III
(Thermodynamics
& Optics)
Time : 3 hours Max
marks : 100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Part – A
Part A consists of 15 questions with the composition as very short answer type questions (10)
and problems (5).
·
There will be 3 questions from each unit out of
which 10 are to be answered (10 x 2 = 20 marks).
·
The very
short answer type questions may be asked to test the knowledge of the
subject.
Part- B
Part B consists of 5 questions (with internal Choice) from each
unit (5 x 16 marks = 80). The questions may be of essay type. However, short
answer type questions may also be asked as sub questions, depending on the
length of the essay to be answered.
Part – A (Answer any 10) 10 x 2 = 20 marks
1) Differentiate
between isothermal and adiabatic processes.
2) What
are T-S diagram? What are the uses of them?
3) Explain any two applications of Clausius -
Clapeyron equation.
4) State law of equipartition of energy?
5) Define mean free path and write its
equation.
6) State
any 4 applications of Holography.
7) What
the matrices that represent Translation and Refraction?
8) Describe
the structure of Fresnel’s Biprism.
9) State and explain Stokes law?
10) What
are non reflecting films?
11) Determine
the efficiency of a Carnot engine working between 2270 C and 270
C.
12) In an adiabatic process, the temperature of one mole of
an ideal monatomic gas (g=5/3) is decreased
from 500 K to 300 K. What is the work done during the process? (Universal
Gas Constant =8.314 J mol-1 K-1)
13) Calculate
the change in entropy when 1 kg. of ice at 0oC is converted into
water at 0oC. Latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.34 x 105
J/K.
14) Sodium
light of wavelength 5890 Ao passes through two narrow slits 2 x 10-3
m apart. The interference pattern is seen at a distance of 1.25 m away from the
centre of the slits. Determine the fringe width.
15) In
Newton’s ring experiment, the diameter of the 10th dark ring is
0.433 cm. Find the wavelength of incident light, if the radius of curvature of
the lens is 70 cm.
Part – B (Answer all) 5 x 16 = 80 marks
1. a) Describe the
working of Carnot’s heat engine and derive an expression for its
efficiency. ( 16 marks)
(OR)
b)
State
and explain second law of thermodynamics (
6 marks)
c)
What is absolute Scale of temperature?
Define absolute zero in the scale. (
10 marks)
2. a) What is
entropy? Obtain an expression for the change in entropy for a reversible
process. (8
marks)
b) Obtain an expression for the entropy of steam
(8 marks)
(OR)
c) What are
thermodynamical potentials? Obtain Maxwell’s thermodynamical relations
from thermodynamical potentials
( 16 marks)
3. a) Derive Maxwell’s law of distribution of molecular
speeds. (16 marks)
(OR)
b)
Write
a note on spontaneous emission and stimulated emission. ( 6 marks)
c)
What
are step index and graded index fibers. Explain their structure. ( 10 marks)
4. a) Obtain the
system matrix for a thick lens. Derive the formula for the focal length of the
thin lens as well as thick
lens. (
16 marks)
(OR)
b)
Describe
Young’s double slit experiment. Derive the expression for band width. (
16 marks)
5. a) Obtain Cosine law in reflected light. (
12 marks)
b) How are colours formed on thin
films? (
4 marks)
(OR)
c)
Describe
the experimental arrangement to observe Newton’s rings by reflected light.
Obtain an expression for the diameters of nth bright and dark rings.
( 16 marks)
****
II B.Sc., - PHYSICS – IV SEMESTER –PAPER –IV
(THERMODYNAMICS &OPTICS) – CREDITS: 4
SYLLABUSUNIT I: Quantum Theory of Radiation: (1 2 Periods)
Black body - Fery’s black body
- Distribution of energy in the spectrum of a black body - Wien’s Displacement
Law - Wien’s distribution Law - Rayleigh- Jeans law – Planck’s Quantum theory
of radiation - Deduction of Wein’s law,
Rayleigh- Jeans law and Wien’s Displacement Law - Measurement of radiation - Types of pyrometers - Fery’s total radiation
pyrometer - disappearing filament optical Pyrometer – Solar constant and its
experimental determination – Temperature of the sun.
UNIT
II:Radiation pyrometers & Low Temperature Physics: (12
periods)
Liquefaction
of gases using Joule - Kelvin effect -Porous plug experiment - Adiabatic
Expansion, Joule’s expansion and Joule- Thomson’s Expansion - Expression for
Thomson cooling - Adiabatic demagnetization - Production of low temperatures -
Principle of refrigeration - Vapor compression type.
UNIT III:
(12 periods)
a)
Statistical Thermodynamics:
Introduction of Statistical Mechanics - Statistical
Equilibrium - Probability theorems in Thermodynamics - Maxwell - Boltzmann
distribution Law - (Statement and Expression) - Application to Ideal gas -
Quantum statistics - Phase space - Fermi Dirac distribution (Statement and
Expression only) - Application to electron gas - Bose-Einstein distribution
(Statement and expression only) - Application to Photon gas - Comparison of
three statements.
b.Fresnel’s diffraction:
Definition and explanation of
diffraction - Fresnel’s division of plane wave front into half period
zones-radii and areas of HPZs and
resultant amplitude of a wave front.
Zone plate-construction of positive and negative zone plates.- Working
and mathematical theory of positive zone plate - Differences and similarities
between zone plate and convex lens - Fresnel’s diffraction at a straight edge
- Differences between interference and
diffraction.
UNIT IV : Fraunhofer diffraction :
(12
periods)
Fraunhofer Diffraction at a
single slit (Normal incidence) –Intensity distribution. Fraunhofer Diffraction
at a double slit (Normal incidence) –Intensity distribution. Plane diffraction
grating (normal Incidence) - Intensity distribution.- Differences between grating
and prism spectra - Dispersive power of a grating- Differences between Fresnel
and Fraunhofer diffraction.
UNIT V:
Polarization: (12 periods)
Representation of Polarized and
un polarized light - Brewster’s Law -
Malus Law
Geometry
of calcite crystal. Nicol prism
construction and working - Definition of positive and negative
crystals- Phenomenon of double
refraction – Huygen’s explanation of double refraction- Quarter wave plate
- Half wave plate. Analytical treatment
of polarized light-
Babinet’s compensator -
Optical activity – Specific rotation-Dextro and laevo rotatory crystals-
Half shade Polarimeter.
Reference Books:
1. Unified Physics - Thermodynamics & optics Vol. -2
Dr. S.L.
Gupta & Sanjeev Gupta
2. Optics - Brijlal and Surahmanyam (S.Chand &
Co)
4. B.Sc. Optics - Telugu Academy
5. B.Sc. Heat -
Telugu Academy
****
MODEL
QUESTION PAPER
Andhra Loyola College (Autonomous) :: Vijayawada-8
II B.Sc - IV
Semester- Physics- Paper IV
(Thermodynamics
& Optics)
Time : 3 hours Max
marks : 100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE:
PART-A
Part A consists of 15 questions with the composition as very short answer type questions (10)
and problems (5).
·
There will be 3 questions from each unit out of
which 10 are to be answered (10 x 2 = 20 marks).
·
The very
short answer type questions may be asked to test the knowledge of the
subject.
Part- B
Part B consists of 5 questions (with internal Choice) from each
unit (5 x 16 marks = 80). The questions may be of essay type. However, short
answer type questions may also be asked as sub questions, depending on the
length of the essay to be answered.
Part – A
Answer any 10 of the following
10 x 2 = 20 marks
1) Write
any two properties of thermal radiation.
2) What
are merits of radiation pyrometers?
3) Write
the principle of adiabatic demagnetization.
4) Write
any two properties of a refrigerant.
5) Explain the concept of phase space in brief.
6) State
any 2 difference between a convex lens and a zone plate.
7) Define
dispersive power of a grating
8) State
any 2 difference between Fresnel and Fraunhofer
diffraction
9) State
and explain Brewster’s Law.
10) What do you mean by half wave plate?
11) Calculate
the energy of a classical oscillator at 127 oC (Boltzmann constant
is 1.38 x 10-23 JK-1.
12) Van
der Waal’s constants a and b for one mole of a gas are 0.2 atm-litre2
mol-2 and 0.03 litre/mol respectively. Calculate the temperature of
inversion (Universal gas constant is 8.31 J mol-1 K-1).
13)
Find the ratio of the temperatures of two black
bodies which emit radiations of maximum energy at wavelengths 4800 Å and 5400 Å
respectively.
14) Find
the radius of the hundredth circle on a zone plate behaving like a convex lens
of focal length 50 cm.
15) A
ray of light is incident on the surface of benzene of refractive index 1.5. If
the reflected light is linearly polarized, calculate the angle of reflection.
Part – B
Answer all 5
x 16 = 80 marks
16. a) State Wien’s
displacement law. (
3 marks)
b) Derive Wien’s
displacement law. ( 13 marks)
(OR)
c) What is Planck’s
hypothesis? ( 3 marks)
d) Derive Planck’s radiation formula. (13
marks)
17. a) Describe
Joule-Thomson porous Plug experiment. (13
marks)
b) What are the important inferences from this
experiment? (3
marks)
(OR)
c) What
is Joule-Thomson effect?
(3 marks)
d) Derive an
expression for Joule-Thomson cooling. (13
marks)
18. a) Express Bose-Einstein law mathematically. (3
marks)
b) Apply
Bose-Einstein statistics to a photon gas. (13
marks)
(OR)
c) With
necessary mathematical theory, explain the intensity pattern due to diffraction
at straight edge according to
Fresnel’s theory of diffraction. ( 16 marks)
19. a) Describe
the Fraunhofer single slit experiment and explain the intensity distribution
curves due to a single slit. ( 16 marks)
(OR)
b)
Describe the Fraunhofer diffraction
pattern of a plane grating for normal incidence and explain its intensity
distribution. ( 16 marks)
20.
a)
What is double refraction ? Describe Huygen’s theory of double
refraction in
uniaxial crystals. (
12 marks)
b)
State and explain Brewster’s law (4
marks)
(OR)
c)
Write a note on Babinet’s compensator. ( 8 marks)
d)
What do you mean by Optical activity ? Explain about dextro and laevo
rotatory
crystals. (
8 marks)
***
Reorganised
III B.Sc., - PHYSICS – V SEMESTER
–PAPER –V
(ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM) - Credits :4
UNIT I : Electrostatics: (12 Periods)
Gauss law
and it’s proof. Field Due to symmetrical
charge distributions – charged sphere, charged cylinder and Plane sheet of
charge. Mechanical force on a charged conductor. Equipotent lines and surfaces-
potential due to charged spherical shell and electric dipole.
UNIT II : Physics of Dielectrics : (12 Periods)
Dielectric-
atomic view- potential energy of a dipole in an electric field- polarization
and charge density- dielectric constant and susceptibility-Gauss’s law in
dielectrics- relation between D, E & P. Boundary conditions at the
dielectric surface- refraction of electric lines of force.
UNIT III:
Magnetostatics: (12 Periods)
Biot- Savart’s
law. Magnetic field induction due to a long straight wire- circular current
loop and solenoid. Hall effect. Moving coil ballistic galvanometer and damping
correction.
UNIT
IV : Electromagnetic Induction&Maxwell’s equations (12 Periods)
Faraday’s laws and Lenz’s law.
Expression for induced emf. Self induction and mutual induction. Self
inductance of a long solenoid. Energy stored in magnetic field and coefficient
of coupling.
Basic laws
of electricity and magnetism- Displacement current- Maxwell’s equations - Hertz
experiment- Poynting vector- Propagation of electromagnetic waves in conducting
media
UNIT-V: Varying and Alternating Currents
: (12Periods
)
Growth and decay of current in LR circuit-
Charging and discharging in CR Alternating current- Average value and R.M.S.
value of voltage and current - A.C. through pure resistance- inductance and
capacitance. A.C. circuit containing inductance- capacitance and resistance –
phasor diagram - L.C.R. series resonant circuit- quality factor and power in
A.C. circuit - Parallel resonant circuit.
Reference Books :
1. Physics volume – 2 Haliday and Resnik
2. Electricity and Magnetism Sehgal - Chopra – Sehgal
3. Electricity and Magnetism D.C. Tayal
4. Electricity and Magnetism Mahajan and Rangawala
5. Applied Physics : T.Bheema
Sankar & G.Prasad- B.S.Publications 2009, 3e
* * * *
III B.Sc., PHYSICS -
SUBJECT ELECTIVE – SEMESTER V –PAPER -VI
(FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF BIO-PHYSICS)
SYLLABUS-Credits :2Unit
I:Neuro-Bio-physics 6 Periods
Nervous system, molecular structure of cell membrane, nerve
impulse generation, signal reception (Transmitter and receptor)
a)
Radiation
Bio-Physics
Dosimetry
(measurement of radiation), radioisotopes, biological affects of radiation,
radiation protection and therapy.
Unit II: Bio- Acoustics 6 Periods
Sound,
characteristics, function of ear as hearing organ, physical basis of hearing,
transmission of sound, echo-cardiography, shock waves, noise effect, protection
against noise, noise control.
Unit
III: Bio-magnetism 6 Periods
Definition of bio-magnetism, magneto-biology, generation
and nature of biomagnetic fields, Ferromagnetic fields in the body, magnetic
fields of skin and muscle.
Unit
IV:- Bio-physics of vision 6 Periods
Eye as an optical instrument, changes in the retina on
exposure to light, electroretinogram. Lethal effects of light on small animals
and plants.
Unit V:- Nuclear medicine 6
Periods
Radio
immunossary, (RIA) Hormoneossary (MRI), position eminotomography, cardiac
imaging, regional imaging, brain scan, radio iodine for diagnosis in thyroid
disorders, nuclear medicine for therapy.
Text Books
1)
Fundamentals of Bio-physics by T.Srikumar (Spandana publications)
2)
A text book of Bio-physics by R.N. Roy
(New central book agency)
3)
Essentials of Bio-physics by P. Narayan ( New age International)
4) Bio-Physics by Mohan Arora (Himalaya publishing co)
Question Paper Pattern :
·
2 Questions from each unit with internal
choice (5 x 16 = 80M)
·
20 multiple choice questions ( 4 from each
unit) ( 20 x 1 = 20 M)
* * * *
Reorganised
III
B. Sc., PHYSICS-SEMESTER V-PAPER VI
SUBJECT
ELECTIVE: ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS
SYLLABUS-Credits: 2
UNIT
1: Diode Applications: (6
periods)
Diode
as a rectifier- Half Wave rectifier, Full wave rectifier (center tapped &
bridge types)- circuit operation, efficiency derivations: Ripple factor,
Filters, Zener diode – V I characteristics, Zener diode as voltage regulator.
UNIT II: Bipolar Transistors: (6
periods)
Transistor
– construction & working (PNP & NPN), Transistor Configurations, CB,
CE, CC configurations, definitions of alpha, beta & gama and relations,
Experimental study of I/P and O/P characteristics of CB, CE Configurations,
Hybrid parameters of a transistor.
Unit III: (6
periods)
a)
Transistor
Biasing Transistor as an amplifier (CE), DC load line, Q point,
need for stabilization, biasing methods- self biasing
b)
Field
Effect transistor: JFET - construction, working, characteristics,
parameters of JFET and relations among them
UNIT IV Amplifiers: (6
periods)
Classification
of amplifiers, RC coupled amplifier & frequency response (no need for
derivations), Power amplifiers- classification; Push-Pull amplifier (Circuit
& operation) Feed back in amplifiers: positive & negative feedback,
expressions for gain advantages of negative feedbacks with derivations
Barkausan criteria, RC phase shift oscillator
UNIT V: Digital Principles (6
periods)
Number
systems & conversions, Basic gates (OR, AND, NOT), Universal gates (NAND,
NOR), special gates (XOR, XNOR), Binary arithmetic. Boolean laws, De Morgans’
laws, half adder & Full adder- Construction with logic gates, Truth table
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Principles of Electronics – V K Mehta
2. Electronic Devices & Circuits – G K
Mithal
3. Basic Electronics – B L Theraja
4. Basic Electronics & Linear Circuits –
Bhargava (TTTL)
Reorganised
III B.Sc., PHYSICS - SUBJECT ELECTIVE – SEMESTER V –PAPER
-VI
(NANOTECHNOLOGY)
SYLLABUS-Credits :2
UNIT I: Introduction: 6 periods
Definition –
miniaturization and nanotechnology - advantages and disadvantages of
nanotechnology-Applications: nano medicines, nano electronics- Implications of
nanotechnology.
UNIT II: Nano materials
6 periods
Fullerenes and carbon forms: -
Aggregated diamond nanorods - Bingel reaction – Buckypaper - Carbon nanofoam
- Fullerite – Graphene – Nanoknot
UNIT III: Carbon
nanotubes:
6 periods
Discovery -
Types of carbon nanotubes - single-walled - Multi-walled – Properties of carbon nanotubes –
Applications
UNIT IV: Classification Based on
Structure 6
periods
Colloid
– Diamondoids –Nanoparticle – Nanoring – Nanorod – Nanoshell – Nanotube –
Nanowire - Quantum dot - Quantum wire
UNIT V: Synthesis & Characterization of
Nano Materials 6 Periods
Chemical
vapor deposition - Electron beam lithography - Nanoimprint lithography –
Nanolithography Scanning probe microscopy - Atomic force microscope - Scanning
tunneling microscope
Reference:
1)
Study material
2)
Internet
3)
Applied Physics: T.Bheema Sankar & G.Prasad
B.S.Publications 2009
* * * * *
MODEL PAPER
Reorganised
III B.Sc., - PHYSICS – VI SEMESTER – MAJOR PAPER –VII
(ATOMIC,
MOLECULAR AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS) – CREDITS: 3
SYLLABUSUNIT I :
Atomic Physics (6
Periods)
(a) Spectra of
hydrogen – Bohr’s explanation – derivation of radius, velocity, energy and wave
number, spectral series of hydrogen atom – energy level diagram - discovery of
deuterium – Sommerfeld’s theory (brief introduction) – Vector atom model –
special quantisation – spinning of electron – Quantum numbers associated with
vector atom model (b)
Pauli’s exclusion principle – coupling schemes – LS coupling – j j coupling
UNIT II : X- rays and crystallography: (6
Periods)
a) Introduction
to X- rays –dependence on voltage – Duan and
Haunt law – characteristic Xrays– Moseley’s Law – Compton effect – Explanation
and theory(b) Unit cell – Bravius lattice – Miller Indices – Bragg’s law –
Bragg’s spectrometer
UNIT III : Molecular Physics &
Spectroscopic Techniques:
(6 Periods)
Raman effect – Stokes and Anti- Stokes lines –
Applications of Raman effect – Experimental arrangements for Raman
spectroscopy.Zeeman Effect – normal zeeman effect – experimental study –
Lorentz theory of normal zeeman effect, Sources of excitation – prism and grating
spectrographs for visible, UV and IR, absorption spectroscopy
UNIT I
V : Nuclear Physics: (6 Periods)
(a) Nuclear Structure and Nuclear Forces: Structure of nucleus – basic
properties (size, mass, charge,
density), mass defect, packing fraction and binding energy –Properties of
nuclear forces. Liquid drop model and semi empirical formula.
(b) Nuclear Detectors: Geiger Muller Counter,– Wilson cloud chamber
(c) Particle Accelerators: Cyclotron –
construction, working and mathematical theory – limitations of
cyclotron-Synchro cyclotron.
UNIT V: Decay of nucleus &Superconductivity : (6
Periods)
a)
Alpha Decay: Range of alpha particle – Geiger’s law
(range energy relation) – Geiger-Nuttall law
b)
Beta Decay: Beta
ray continuous spectrum – Fermi theory of beta decay – neutrino hypothesis
c)
Gamma Rays: Interaction of gamma rays with matter pair annihilation
d)
SuperconductivityExplanation – properties – Meissner effect – Type I
and Type II superconductors – BCS Theory – Cooper pairs – Applications of high
temperature super superconductors
Reference Books:
1. Introduction
to Atomic Spectra –H F WHITE.
2. Spectroscopy
- STRAUGHEN & WALKER
3. Elements of
Nuclear Physics - D C TAYAL
4. Atomic &
nuclear Physics - T A LITTLE FIELD &
N THORIEY
5. Elements of
Modern Physics – PATIL
6. Modern
Physics – R MURUGESAN
7. Nuclear
Physics – Irving Kaplan
8. Atomic Physics – JB Rajam
Reorganised
III
B.Sc., PHYSICS - Skill Based
Elective – SEMESTER VI –PAPER -VIII
Microprocessor (8085) & Applications
Unit I: Evolution of MPs & MPs
operations (6 periods)
Microcomputer
block diagram, Concept and Evolution of Microprocessors, Bus organization,
Microprocessor initiated operations, internal data operations, externally initiated
operations, DMA concept
Unit II: Architecture of 8085 (6 periods)
8085
microprocessor, Architecture and functioning of each block, pin configuration
of 8085 functioning of each pin, Program status word, Instruction Cycle – Fetch
Operation & Execute Operation,
Unit III: Instruction set of 8085 (6 periods)
Instruction
set of 8085 Microprocessor- Data transfer Instructions, Arithmetic type
Instructions, Logical type Instructions, Branching type and Special type
Instructions, Stacks & Subroutines, Addressing modes, One byte, two byte,
three byte instructions
Unit IV: Programming (6 periods)
Machine
language, assembly language, high level languages, assembler, compiler,
interpreter, Programming of 8085 –, 8 bit Addition, 16 bit addition, 1’s &
2’s complement of 8 bit & 16 bit numbers, decimal addition, largest &
smallest of a series of numbers, block transfer programs.
Unit V: Interfacing (6 periods)
Interfacing
of 8085, general purpose & special purpose interfacing, Programmable
Peripheral Interface (8255), DMA Controller (8257), Serial Communication
Interface (8251)
Reference books:
1. Microprocessors and microcomputers -
B Ram
2. Microprocessors and applications -
Gaoenkar
3. Microprocessors -
Leventhall
* * * *
Model Paper
Reorganised
III B.Sc. – PHYSICS – VI SEMESTER – PAPER VIII
SKILL
BASED ELECTIVE: (ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION)
SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Characteristics of Instruments & Analog Instruments: (6 periods
Definitions
– classification of instruments – sources of errors.Moving iron instruments –
ammeters and voltmeters – attraction type, repulsion type – PMMC instruments -
extension of range
UNIT II: Potentiometer &Transformer: (6 periods)
Direct
reading type, standardizing potentiometer – calibration of ammeter and
voltmeter – emf of a cell, comparison of emfs, internal
resistance.Construction, working, types, losses, efficiency, open circuit,
closed circuit tests.
UNIT III : A/D & D/A converters ( 6 periods)
Binary
ladder, A/D converters – continuous type, integrating type, successive
approximation type.
UNIT
IV: AC Bridges& Function generator:
(6
period)
Principle
– measurement of resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency.Sine
wave/Triangular wave/Square wave generators
UNIT V: Cathode Ray Oscilloscope and Multimeter:
(6
periods)
Cathode
ray oscilloscope – principle - Cathode ray tube – functioning – CRO block
diagram – electrostatic and magneto static deflection – deflection sensitivity
– various controls – applications –- Multimeter – working
Reference Books:
- Electronic
Instrumentation – WD Cooper - Electrical and
Electronic Instrumentation – AK Sahany - Mechanical
Measurements – RK Jain
Question Paper Pattern :
·
2 Questions from each unit with internal choice
(5 x 16 = 80M)
·
20 multiple choice questions ( 4 from each
unit) ( 20 x 1 = 20 M)
Model Paper
Reorganised
III B.Sc., - PHYSICS – VI
SEMESTER –PAPER –VIII
SKILL BASED ELECTIVE - GENERAL
INSTRUMENTATION
SYLLABUS –
CREDITS: 2
UNIT
I: Basic principles of measurement 6 Periods
Aims of measurement - factors in
selection of measuring instruments – Functions of the instruments–accuracy and
precession – sensitivity and range – linearity, repeatability and calibration -
errors in measuring instruments – static and dynamic characteristics of the
instruments
UNIT II: Sensing elements 6 Periods
Sensors of linear motion – Linear
motion potentiometer - Linear motion variable inductor - Linear motion variable
capacitor- LVDT – Thermal detectors – Thermocouples – Resistance thermometers
UNIT III: Transducers 6 Periods
(a) Transducers in measurement –
Primary and secondary transducers – Analog and digital transducers
(b) Strain Gauges – Optical and
electrical strain gauges
(c) Tachometers – Mechanical and
electrical tachometers
UNIT IV: Flow, level &Ultrasonic velocity measurement
instruments 6 Periods
(a) Flow measurement – Pitot tube,
venturimeter
(b) Level measurement – Float type,
hydrostatic type
(c) Ultrasonic velocity measurement
– For liquids
UNIT IV:Viscosity &Surface tension measurement instruments 6 Periods
(a) Viscosity measurement –
Ostwald’s viscometer, Stoke’s method, Poisseulli’s method
(b) Surface tension Tension
mesurement – Jagger’s method, capillary rise method
Reference Books:
Mechanical and Industrial
measurements – RK JAIN – Khanna Publishers Delhi
Priciples of industrial
instrumentation – D Patranabis – TMH
Electrical and electronic
measurements and instrumentation – AK sawhney – Dhanpat Rai & sons
Reorganised
III B.Sc., PHYSICS –– SEMESTER
VI –PAPER -VIII
SKILL BASED ELECTIVE -
(PHYSICS OF GRAPHICS)
SYLLABUS– CREDITS: 2
UNIT – I :
Graphics systems (6 Periods) Applications of Graphics- Display devices
– Refresh Cathode Ray tubes- Random Scan and Raster Scan monitors- CRT
monitors- Direct view Storage Tubes - Plasma Panel Displays - LED and LCD monitors- Laser devices- Three
dimensional Monitors.
Interactive input devices – Display
Processors- Random Scan systems- DVST systems – Raster Scan Systems –
Coordinate representations- Graphics functions.
UNIT –
II :
Output primitives (6 Periods)
Points and lines – Line drawing
algorithms- DDA algorithm- C programme for line drawing – Antialiasing lines –
Drawing of Line, circles, ellipses and Fill areas - using C functions-
Character generation.
UNIT –
III :
Two dimensional transformations (6 Periods)
Basic
transformations – Translation – Rotation – Scaling – Matrix representations –
Composite transformations- Scaling relative to a fixed point – Rotation about a
Pivot Point – arbitrary scaling directions- Other Transformations: Reflection,
Shear.
C programmes for two-dimensional
transformations of small objects – Animation of a car image.
UNIT – IV
: Shadings : (6 Periods)
Modeling
Light Intensities : light Sources – Diffuse reflection – Specular reflection –
Refracted Light- Texture and Surface patterns- Shadows- Displaying Light
intensities- Half toning- Surface shading methods – Constant intensity –
Gourand shading- Phong shading –
UNIT V: Ray tracing algorithms & Colour
models: (6
Periods)
Ray-Tracing
algorithms- Octree Methods – Fractal surfaces- Antialising surface boundaries.
Colour models : Properties of light
– standard primitives and the chromaticity diagram- intuitive color concepts-
RGB colour model- CMY colour model- Conversion between RGB and CMY model- HSV
colour model- colour selection.
Reorganised
III B.Sc., PHYSICS –– SEMESTER VI –PAPER -VIII
SKILL
BASED ELECTIVE (MATERIAL SCIENCE AND PROCESSES)
SYLLABUS– CREDITS: 2
1)Introduction to materials .
6 Periods
Metal and alloys, ceramics,
polymers and semi conducting materials-Introduction and application as
engineering materials.
2)Mechanical
properties . 6
Periods
Tensile strength, yield strength, elastic and
viscoelastic properties, creep, stress relaxation and impact. Fracture
behaviour. Ductile fracture
3)Heat
treatment . 6 Periods
Iron-carbon
system. Annealing, normalising, hardening,. critical cooling rate,
hardenability, age hardening, surface hardening, temperin
4)Thermal
properties . 6
Periods
High
temperature materials; materials for cryogenic application, thermally
insulating materials. (Specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion).
5)Ceramic
materials and polymers . 6
Periods
Silicon
structures, polymerism . in glass, electrical properties of ceramic phases,
rocks, building stones, refractories.
.
Books for Reference:
1. Materials Science and processes
in SI units by SK Hajra Choudhury, Indian Book distributing company
2. Materials Science by G.K.
Narula; K.S. Narula; V.K. Gupta, Tata McGraw-Hill
3. Material Science by R.B.
Gupta Satya Prakashan New Delhi
* * * * *
Reorganised
III B.Sc., -
PHYSICS – VI SEMESTER –PAPER –VIII
SKILL BASED
ELECTIVE – Principles of
Communication Technology
SYLLABUS – CREDITS: 2
(DML/DP/DC
only)
_______________________________________________________________________
UNIT I:
Noise:
Concept,
classification, thermal noise, shot noise, noise figure, S/N ratio
Modulation-definition, need for modulation, types of modulations, AM, FM,
PM-concept and definition
UNIT II:
Amplitude modulation-
Definition,
explanation with wave forms, modulation index-explanation. Power calculations,
SSB concept-AM generation, AM detection
UNIT III:
Frequency Modulation
Definition,
wave forms, explanation-modulation factor- derivation of mf, AM vs FM, and
definitions related to FM wave, FM generation and detection
UNIT IV: Receivers and transmitters:
AM transmitter,
AM receivers-superhet receiver, FM transmitter-pre-emphasis, de-emphasis-FM
receiver, AM receiver vs FM receiver
TV transmitter-
block diagram and explanation,
TV receiver
-block diagram and explanation.
UNIT V:
Radio wave
propagation. Ground wave propagation. – Sky wave wave propagation- Space wave
propagation.
Reference Books:
1.
Communication Technology :
Kennedy
2. Basic
Electronics : V
K Mehatha
3.
Communication Technology : Desh
Pande
Question Paper Pattern :
·
2 Questions from each unit with internal
choice (5 x 16 = 80M)
·
20 multiple choice questions ( 4 from each
unit) ( 20 x 1 = 20 M)
III B.Sc. – PHYSICS – VI SEMESTER
SKILL
ELECTIVE PAPER -VIII (QUANTUM MECHANICS)
UNIT I: Origin of Quantum Theory: (6 periods)
Failure of classical physics to explain the phenomena
such as black body spectrum, photoelectric effect, Ritz combination principle
in spectra, stability of an atom –Einstein’s explanation of photoelectric
effect, Bohr’s quantization of angular momentum and its application to hydrogen
atom.
UNIT II: Wave Particle Duality: (6
periods)
de Broglie’s hypothesis for
matter waves, the concept of wave and group velocities, evidence for
interference and diffraction of particles, experimental demonstration of matter
waves – Davison and Germer experiment – G.P. Thomson experiment - consequence
of de Broglie’s concepts, quantization in hydrogen atom, energies of a particle
in a box, wave packets.
UNIT III:
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Relation: (6
periods)
Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation for p and x, its extension to energy
and time – consequence of uncertainty relation, electron microscope,
diffraction at a slit, particle in a box, position of electron in a Bohr orbit.
UNIT IV:
Schrodinger’s Equation: (6 periods)
Postulatory basis of quantum
mechanics, operators, expectation values, physical significance of wave
function, Derivation of Schrodinger time independent and time dependent wave
equations-transition probabilities,
UNIT V: Application of Schrodinger’s equation: (6 periods)
applications to particle in one -
and three-dimensional boxes, harmonic oscillator, reflection at a step
potential, transmission across a potential barrier.
Reference
Books:
- Spectroscopy -
STRAUGHEN & WALKER - Modern Physics – R MURUGESAN
- Unified Physics – Vol IV
- Applied Physics : T.Bheema Sankar & G.Prasad B.S.Publications 2009,3e
Question Paper Pattern :
·
2
Questions from each unit with internal choice (5 x 16 = 80M)
·
20
multiple choice questions ( 4 from each unit) ( 20 x 1 = 20 M)
III B.Sc. – PHYSICS – VI SEMESTER – PAPER VIII
SKILL BASED ELECTIVE: (COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS)
UNIT-I : Numerical Methods: 15 PERIODS
Approximations
and round off errors, Truncation errors and Solution of a quadratic equation –
iterative Bisection method. Solutions of
simultaneous linear algebraic equations by Gauss Elimination method.
UNIT II: Curve fitting by method
of least squares - Fitting of a straight line to the
data.NumericalInterpolation – Finding missing values – Langrange's
interpolation.
UNIT III: Numerical
solution of ordinary differential equations using Taylor's series and by Euler
method.
UNIT -IV: MAT LAB : 15
PERIODS
Introduction:
Basics of MATLAB, working with arrays, creating and printing plots: Matrices
and Vectors, Matrices and Array Operations, built in functions, saving and
loading data, plotting simple graphs. Script files, function files, variables,
control flow - loops & branches. Input/Output.
UNIT V: Programming in MATLAB:
Develop programs for each one of the numerical methods mentioned in unit-IV
Reference
Books
1.Shastry, S.S.,
"Numerical Methods", Prentice Hall Inc., India, 1998.
2.Computer
oriented Numerical methods by V.Rajaraman , PHI, New Delhi, 1983
3.Computer
oriented Numerical methods by N.Dutta - Vikas publishing 2004
4.M.K.
Venkataraman, "Numerical Methods in Science and Engineering",
National Publishing Company.
5.“Getting
Started with MATLAB 7”, Rudra Pratap, Oxford & IBH, ISBN 0-19-517937 .(2009
edition) - 2001 edition deals with Matlab-6 : Rs 120
6.Matlab:An
Introduction With Applications by Amos Gilat (Paperback - August 2007) - Rs.243
7.http://math.fullerton.edu/mathews/software/software.html
Question Paper Pattern :
·
2
Questions from each unit with internal choice (5 x 16 = 80M)
·
20
multiple choice questions ( 4 from each unit) ( 20 x 1 = 20 M)
*****
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
GENERAL ELECTIVE
(PHYSICS IN DAILY LIFE)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIT -1: Kinematics
(16hr)
When two objects collide- when
two lumps of clay; billiard balls; impulse, crumple zones in cars; centri petal
force,rollercoaster;friction in driving a car; efficiency and friction.
Laws of motion:-in a car crash:
understanding inertia; second law:- force,mass,acceleration; the third law of
motion. Gravity and gravitation: Newton
discovers the principle of gravity.
Projectile motion:-rocket and
missiles- Torque, see waves and wrenches
UNIT -2: Fluid mechanics &Work (16hr)
Bernoulli’s principle in action,
creating a draft, wind tunnel, hydraulic press, fluid power, aerodynamics on
the ground. Bernoulli’s principle-The venture tube, buoyancy -Mechanical
advantage and simpler machines:- The lever, classes of levers; the wheel and
axle; pulleys,screws
UNIT -3: Thermodynamics
(16hr)
Fire extinguishers; aero solo
cans; when the temperature changes what happens? From solid to liquid:
vibrations and freezing: unusual characteristics of ice melting, melting from
liquid to gas- boiling: effect of atmospheric pressure, liquid to gas and back
again. Conduction, conviction, radiation. Heat- calorimetyer, how a steam
engine works, evaloution of steam power - Temperature-development of
thermometer, thermoscope, early thermometer Temperature scale-farhernheit,
celesius, Kelvin: conversions, thermometers
UNIT- 4: Wave motion and oscillation
(16hr)
Pulses on string: tension and
reflection: transmission and reflection: production of sound waves; frequency
and wave length. Radio waves-AM and FM Oscillation-springs and damping - Zhang
hang’s sesimoscope, clocks, scientific instruments and fax machines, radio and
micro wave frequency- Resonance-how a tuning fork works? - Electromagnetic
waves-oily films and rain bows - Holograms-development of holograms;
holographic memory- Doppler effect- sound compression and Doppler effect; sound
of passing train whistle; Doppler radar and other sensing technology
UNIT -5: Sound (16hr)
Acoustics; decibel levels;
production of sound waves; musical instruments; human voice: reception of
sound: how the ear hears. - Ultra
sonics: pets and pests: ultrasonic
behavior modification: ultrasonic detection: in medicine: sonar and other
detection devices- A world of applications.
* * * * * * **
TITLE: OFFICE TOOLS & C PROGRAMMING
(AP & AC SECTIONS)
Unit 1: Fundamentals of Computers (6Theory + 4 Lab)hours
Computer definition. Types of Computers. Organization
of Computer Memory Main Memory RAM, ROM
and Cache Secondary Memory Magnetic
type, Floppy disk, Hard disk, Compact disk . Input devices Output devices.
Operating system: Definition, functions of an
operating system, Types of Operating systems: Brief details of batch
processing, Multi Programming, multi tasking, time sharing, real time operating
systems
Introduction to DOS, DOS internal commands, DOS
External Commands. Introduction to Windows, Desktop, File, Folder, My Computer,
My documents, Recycle bin, Internet Explorer, Windows Explorer Types of Programming Languages.
Unit II: MS Word and MS Power Point (10 Lab hours)
a.
Word Basics : Starting
word, Creating a new document, Opening preexisting document, The parts of a
word window, Typing text, Selecting text, Deleting text, Undo, Redo, Repeat,
Inserting text, Replacing text, Formatting text, Cut, Copy, Paste . Printing.
Formatting Your Text and Documents : Auto format, Line spacing, Margins,
Borders and Shading.
Working with Headers and Footers: Definition of headers and footers,
creating basic headers and footers, creating different headers and footers for
odd and even pages.
Tables : Creating a simple table, Creating a
table using the table menu, Entering and editing text in a table, selecting in
table, adding rows, changing row heights, Deleting rows, Inserting
columns,Deleting columns, changing column width .
Graphics: Importing graphics, Clipart, Insert
picture, Clip Art Gallery, using word’s drawing features, drawing objects, text
in drawing.
Templates: Template types, using templates,
exploring templates, modifying templates.
MailMerge: Mail Merge concept, Main document,
data sources, merging data source and main document. Overview of word menu options
word basic tool bar.
b.
Power Point : Basics,
Terminology, Getting started, Views
Creating Presentations : Using auto content
wizard, Using blank presentation option, Using design template option, Adding
slides, Deleting a slide, Importing Images from the outside world, Drawing in
power point, Transition and build effects, Deleting a slide, Numbering a slide,
Saving presentation, Closing presentation, Printing presentation elements.
UNIT III: MS Excel & Introduction to C programming
(15 lab
hours) (24 Theory hours)
a.
Excel Basics: Overview
of Excel features, Getting started, Creating a new worksheet, Selecting cells,
Entering and editing text, Entering and editing Numbers, entering and editing
Formulas, Referencing cells, moving cells, copying cells, sorting cell data,
inserting rows, inserting columns, Inserting cells, Deleting parts of a
worksheet, clearing parts of a worksheet.
Formatting: Page setup, changing column widths
and Row heights, auto format, changing font sizes and Attributes, centering
text across columns, using border buttons and Commands, changing colors and
shading, hiding rows and columns.
Introduction to functions: Parts of functions,
Functions Requiring Add-ins, The Function Wizard. Examples functions by
category: Data and time functions, Engineering functions, Math and Trig
functions, Statistical functions, Text functions.
Excel Charts: Chart parts and terminology,
Instant charts with the chard wizard, creation of different types of charts,
printing charts, deleting charts linking in Excel
Excel Graphics: Creating and placing graphic
objects, Resizing Graphics, Drawing Lines and Shapes.
b.
Introduction C Fundamentals: Programming
in High Level Languages. Compiling programs Language Interpreters. Compiling
your first program running your program. Understanding your first program.
Comments, variables, Data types, and Arithmetic Expressions working with
variables .Understanding Data types and constants working with Arithmetic
Expressions. The Assignment operators
UNIT IV: Programming in C:
(11 lab hours)(8 theory hours)
The print function, The scan function - Decision
making : The if statement . The if else construct. Nested if statements. The
else if construct . The switch statement . Boolean variables . The conditional
operator . program looping : The for statement . Relational operators . Nested
for loops . The while statement . The do statement . The break statement . The
continue statement . working with Arrays : Defining an array . Initializing
Arrays . character Arrays . The const Qualifier . Multidimensional arrays-
variable length Arrays.
UNIT V: Functions, Pointers (10 lab
hours) (99 Theory hours)
Working with Functions: Defining a
Function-Arguments and Local variables. returning function, function calling
declaring return types and argument types. Top Down programming Functions and
Arrays. global variables . Automatic and static variables. recursive functions.
Working with structures : Defining structure.
Functions and S tructures
Initializing structures . Array of structures structures containing structures
structures containing Arrays .Structure variants . Character strings : Array of
characters variable length character strings . Escape characters. character
strings, structures and arrays - character operations.
Pointers : Defining a pointer variable . using
pointers in Expressions . pointers and structures (Exclude Linked List)
Pointers and Functions . pointers and Arrays . operations on pointers .
pointers and Memory address.
.
Prescribed Books:
1. Peter
Norton, Introduction to Computers, Sixth edition, Tata McGraw Hill(2007).
2. Ron
Mansfield, Working in Microsoft Office, Tata McGraw Hill (2008)
(Chapters : 4 to 9, 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25,28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35)
3. Stephen G.
Kochan, Programming in C, Third Edition, Pearson Education
(2007)(Chapters: 1 to 14, 16,
17)
Reference Books :
1. Michael Miller, Absolute Beginners Guide to Computer
Basics,
Fourth Edition, Pearson Education (2007).
4. Beyron S Gottfried, Programming with C, Second Edition,
Tata
McGraw Hill (2007).
5. Ashok N. Kamthane, Programming with ANSI and Turbo C,
Pearson Education (2008).
6. Rajaraman, Introduction to Information Technology, PHI.
7. Balaguruswamy.E, Fundamentals of Computing, TMH(2008).
LAB
1.
DOS
COMMANDS
2.
MS-WORD
1. Design a visiting card for Managing Director of a
Company with following specification
i. Size of visiting card is
3.5. x 2.
ii. Name of a company with big
font using Water Mark
iii. Phone number, fax number and e-mail address with
appropriate symbols
iv. Office and residence
address separated by line.
3. Create
a letter head of a company
i.
Name of Company on the top of the page with big
font and good style
ii.
Phone numbers, fax numbers, e-mail address with
appropriate symbols
iii.
Main products manufactured to be described at
the bottom
iv.
Slogans if any should be specified in bold at
the bottom
4. Creation
of your Bio-Data: consisting Name, email-id, Contact Address, career objective,
Educational qualifications, social activities, achievements.
5.
MS-POWERPOINT
i.
Make a Power point presentation on your
strengths, weaknesses, hobbies, factors that waste your time.
ii.
Make a Power point presentation on any Current
affair (Not less than 8 slides)
iii.
Make a Power point presentation to represent
your College profile.
iv.
Make a Power point presentation of all the
details of the books that you had studied in
6. MS-EXCEL
1. Create an electronic spreadsheet in which you
enter the following decimal numbers and convert into Octal, Hexadecimal and
Binary numbers Vice versa. Decimal Numbers: 35,68,95,165,225,355,375,465 Binary
Numbers: 101,1101,111011,10001,110011001,111011111.
2. The ABC Company shows the sales of different
products for 5 years. Create column chart, 3D-column and Bar chart for the
following data
3. Create a suitable examination data base and
find the sum of the marks(total) of each student and respective class secured
by the student rules:
Pass if marks in each subject >=35
Distinction if average>=75
First class if average>=60 but <75 p="">
Second class if average>=50 but <60 p="">
Third class if average>=35 but <50 p="">
Fail if marks in any subject is <35 p="">
Display average marks of the class, subject wise and
pass percentage.
C-PROGRAMMING LAB
1. Program for
i. Sum of
factors of a number
ii. Sum of
digits of a number
2. Program to
check whether a given number is
i. Prime
number or not
ii. Perfect
number or not
iii.
Armstrong number or not
3. Program using
recursion for
i. Factorial
of a given number
ii. Fibonacci
series
4. Program for
roots of a quadratic equation
5. Program using
functions
i. With out
return value
ii. With
return value
iii. With
parameters
iv. With out
parameters
6. Program to find
largest/smallest of n numbers by using arrays
7. Program for
sorting an array
8. Program for
matrix addition & subtraction
9. Program for
matrix multiplication
10. Program for
transpose of a given matrix
11. Program for
(with and without string functions)
i. Comparison
of two strings
ii.
Concatenation of two strings
iii. Length
of a string
12. Program to
process student information. Student structure consists Sno, Sname, Marks in 6
subjects, Total, average. Calculate total and average of n students and assign
grade with following criteria.
Grade A : All
pass and avg >=75
Grade B: All
pass and avg>=60 and avg<75 o:p="">
Grade C: All
pass and avg>=50 and avg<60 o:p="">
Grade D: All
pass and avg>=40 and avg<50 o:p="">
Grade E: If
fails in one or more subjects.
13. Program for
(i) Nesting of Structure (ii) Passing structures to functions.
14. Program for
sum of diagonal elements of a square matrix?
15. Program to access (i) array elements (ii)
Structure elements using pointers.
16. Program for
sorting strings using pointers.
17. Program to
count number of (i) words (ii) lines (iii) Special Characters
in a given text.
18. Program to
create a file to store and update employee records. The
employee record
consists of ENO, ENAME, DEPTNO, DEPTNAME, BASICSALARY, HRA, DA, DEDUCTIONS,
TOTALSALARY and NETSALARY.
19. Program to
evaluate following expressions.
1 + ½ + 1/3 +
¼ +..... + 1/n
20. Program to
find Square root of a given no.
21. Program to
create table of Triangular Numbers.
22. Program for
reversing digits of a no.
23. Program for
Base Conversion.
* * * * *
MODEL PAPER
I B.Sc., PHYSICS (AP & AC)
TITLE: OFFICE
TOOLS & C PROGRAMMING
Time: 3 Hours Max.
Marks: 100
PART – A
Answer ALL questions without omitting any unit 5 * 16 = 80M
1. a. Give Block diagram of
Computer and Explain its Units in detail. (10M)
b. Explain functions of an operating system. (6M)
(or)
a. Explain RAM, ROM, Cache memories. (9M)
b. Describe different types of Input devices. (7M)
2. a. Explain Mail merge
concept in MS-Word. (10M)
b. Explain Macros concept in MS-Word. (6M)
(or)
a.. Describe steps to create a presentation using auto content wizard in
Power Point. (9M)
b. How to delete, insert, copy, print slides in Power Point. (7M)
3. a. Explain about
Engineering and Math functions in MS-Excel .(7M)
b. Explain about different types of Charts in MS-Excel .(9M)
(or)
a. Describe with
examples decision making and loop statements (10M)
b.
Explain pre-processor, # include, # define. (6M)
4. a. With suitable example,
explain recursive functions. (8M)
b. Write a program to find roots of a Quadratic equation .(8M)
(or)
a.
Write a program to perform addition and subtraction
of 2 matrices whose orders are up to 10
x 10 (10M)
b.
Generate the Fibonacci series using arrays (6M)
5. a. Explain the concept of pointers. (5M)
b. What is
generic pointer? Explain the features of the pointers .(11M)
(or)
a.
Explain the process of passing arguments using “call by
value” & “call by reference” with examples. (16M)
PART – B
Answer all questions 20 * 1 = 20M
1. Which of the following items are examples of storage
devices?
a. Floppy / hard disks b. CD-ROMs c. Tape
devices d. All of the above
2. Which is the type of memory for information
that does not change on your computer?
a. RAM b.
ROM c. ERAM d. RW / RAM
3. Before a disk can be used to store data. It must be…….
a. Formatted b.
Reformatted c. Addressed d. None
4. What type of device is computer keyboard?
a.
Memory b. Output c. Storage d. Input
5. Which of the following companies developed MS Office 2000? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. Microsoft | b. Novell | c. Corel | d. Lotus | |||||||||||||||||||
6 MS Word allows creation of ___ type of documents by default? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. DOC | b. WPF | c.TXT | d.DOT | |||||||||||||||||||
7.The arrangement of elements such as Title and subtitle text, pictures, tables etc. is called | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. Layout | b.Presentation | c. Design | d.Scheme | |||||||||||||||||||
8. A File which contains readymade styles that can be used for a presentation is called | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. AutoStyle | b. Template | c. Wizard | d. Preformatting | |||||||||||||||||||
9.Excel files have a default extension of | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. XLS | b. XLW | c. WK1 | d. 123 | |||||||||||||||||||
10.Which of the following is a popular DOS based spreadsheet package? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. Word | b. Smart Cell | c. Excel | d. Lotus 1-2-3 | |||||||||||||||||||
11.C is a ___ Level language | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. High | b. Low | c. Middle | d. Machine | |||||||||||||||||||
12.C language is available for which of the following Operating Systems? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. DOS | b. Windows | c. Unix | d.All the above | |||||||||||||||||||
13.Which escape character can be used to begin a new line in C? | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. \a | b. \b | c. m | d. \n | |||||||||||||||||||
14. The size of a String variable is | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. 1 byte | b. \0 bytes | c. 16 bytes | d. none | |||||||||||||||||||
15. Character constants should be enclosed between ___ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. Single quotes | b. Double quotes | c. Both a and b | d. None of these | |||||||||||||||||||
16. String constants should be enclosed between ___ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a. Single quotes | b. Double quotes | c. Both a and b | d. None of these | |||||||||||||||||||
17. What would be the output of the following program.
main()
{
int a[5]={2,3};
printf(“\n %d %d %d”,a[2],a[3],a[4]);
}
a. garbage value b.
2 3 3 c. 3 2 2 d.
0 0 0
18. What will this
program display ?
#include
main()
{
float f;
f= 10/3;
printf("%f", f);
}
a. 3.3 b.
3.000000 c. 3 d. 3.1
19. Which of the following symbol is used to denote a pre-processor statement? | |||
a. # | b.! | c. & | d.^ |
20. A declaration float a,b; occupies ___ of memory |
a. 1 byte b.
4 bytes c. 8 bytes d.16 bytes
Question
Paper Pattern :
·
2 Questions from each unit with internal
choice (5 x 16 = 80M)
·
20 multiple choice questions ( 4 from each
unit) ( 20 x 1 = 20 M)
****
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